Pet Health

9 Types of Working Dogs and the Jobs They Do

Discover the diverse world of working dogs! Explore 9 breeds and their impressive jobs, from service to herding, and learn how they enhance our lives.
Author: Veterinary Team
Dial A Vet
Updated
June 6, 2025
|
Published
June 6, 2025
A group of diverse working dogs in action, showcasing various tasks like herding, rescue, and service roles.

Video Call an Aussie Vet now for just $49 AUD

Dial A Vet is available in Australia, NZ, Canada, United States & Canada!
Speak to A Vet Now

Dogs are more than just our loyal companions—they’ve been our partners in work for centuries. From herding livestock to assisting search-and-rescue teams, working dogs play an essential role in our lives. But what makes these dogs so special? Let’s dive into nine types of working dogs and explore the incredible jobs they do every day.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Herding Dogs

Herding dogs, like Border Collies, Australian Shepherds, and Corgis, were bred to help farmers manage livestock. These intelligent and energetic dogs excel at controlling the movement of sheep, cattle, and even ducks.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

Herding breeds are quick learners and thrive on mental stimulation. They have a natural instinct to "herd," which can sometimes translate into nipping at heels or chasing children if not properly trained.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Herding dogs are generally healthy but prone to issues like hip dysplasia or eye conditions. Regular grooming helps manage their often thick coats, especially during seasonal shedding periods.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

If you own a herding dog, give them plenty of physical activity and mental challenges. Puzzle toys, agility training, or even herding trials can keep them happy and healthy.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Service Dogs

Service dogs are trained to assist individuals with disabilities, from guiding the visually impaired to detecting medical conditions like seizures or low blood sugar. Labrador Retrievers and Golden Retrievers are the most common breeds for this important work.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are calm, focused, and highly trainable. Their ability to stay composed in public settings makes them ideal for their tasks.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Service dogs require regular veterinary checkups to ensure they’re in optimal health for their demanding roles. Their grooming needs depend on the breed, but regular brushing and nail trims are essential.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

If you’re raising a service dog, work closely with a professional trainer and ensure they get plenty of rest and downtime to avoid burnout.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Search-and-Rescue Dogs

Search-and-rescue dogs use their keen sense of smell to locate missing people, whether it’s in wilderness areas or disaster zones. Breeds like German Shepherds, Bloodhounds, and Belgian Malinois are often chosen for this life-saving work.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are driven, courageous, and highly focused. Their sense of smell is so acute that they can track a scent over long distances and through challenging terrain.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Regular exercise is crucial to maintain their physical fitness. Grooming needs vary by breed, but their paws should be inspected frequently, especially after working in rough environments.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

If you’re considering training a search-and-rescue dog, start young and look for programs that focus on positive reinforcement. Consistent socialization and training are key.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Police Dogs

Police dogs, often called K9s, assist law enforcement with tasks like detecting drugs, apprehending suspects, or finding explosives. German Shepherds and Belgian Malinois are top choices for this work.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are confident, obedient, and fearless. Their strong work ethic and loyalty make them invaluable to their handlers.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Police dogs require peak physical condition, so a balanced diet and regular veterinary care are essential. Their grooming needs depend on their coat type but typically include regular brushing.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

Police dogs are not just workers—they’re family to their handlers. Retired K9s often adapt well to home life, but they may still need outlets for their high energy levels.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Therapy Dogs

Unlike service dogs, therapy dogs provide emotional support in settings like hospitals, schools, or nursing homes. Breeds of all sizes, from Golden Retrievers to Poodles, can excel in this role.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

Therapy dogs are friendly, calm, and adaptable. They need to be comfortable with new people and environments to succeed in their work.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Grooming needs vary widely depending on the breed, but cleanliness is essential for therapy dogs, especially when visiting medical facilities.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

If you’d like your dog to become a therapy dog, ensure they pass temperament tests and are certified through a reputable program.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Sled Dogs

Sled dogs, like Siberian Huskies and Alaskan Malamutes, were bred to pull heavy loads across snowy terrains. They are still used today in arctic regions and for recreational mushing.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are energetic, social, and thrive in cold weather. They have a strong pack mentality and work best as part of a team.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Sled dogs have thick double coats that require regular grooming to prevent matting. Their paws also need frequent checks for ice or injuries.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

If you own a sled dog, remember they need plenty of exercise and cooler climates to stay comfortable. Avoid overexerting them in hot weather.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Hunting Dogs

Hunting dogs, like Beagles, Spaniels, and Pointers, assist hunters by tracking and retrieving game. They are known for their keen senses and loyalty.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are energetic, focused, and eager to please. Their instincts make them excellent at following scents and retrieving prey.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Hunting dogs often require ear cleaning to prevent infections, especially if they work in wet environments. Regular exercise keeps them fit for their active lifestyle.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

Train hunting dogs early and give them plenty of opportunities to use their natural skills, even if you’re not a hunter.

🐾 Breed Snapshot: Detection Dogs

Detection dogs are trained to sniff out specific substances, from drugs and explosives to invasive species. Labrador Retrievers and Springer Spaniels are commonly used for this work.

🧬 Personality & Behaviour

These dogs are curious, persistent, and highly trainable. Their incredible noses allow them to detect scents undetectable to humans.

🧼 Health & Grooming Needs

Regular exercise and mental stimulation keep these dogs sharp. Grooming needs depend on the breed but should include ear and paw care.

💡 Vet Tips for Pet Parents

Detection dogs require ongoing training to maintain their skills. Even as pets, they benefit from scent-based games and activities.

FAQs

Q: Can working dogs adapt to home life after retirement?
A: Yes, most working dogs adapt well to being pets after retirement. However, they may need extra mental stimulation and exercise to stay happy.

Q: Do working dogs need special diets?
A: Some working dogs may require high-calorie diets to support their activity levels. Consult your vet for personalized recommendations.

Book a $49 online vet consultation at https://www.dialavet.com for fast, expert advice.

References

While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this content - including vet review where applicable - this article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If your pet is unwell or you are concerned, please speak with a licensed veterinarian. You can book a $49 online consultation with our veterinary team  😄
Speak to A Vet Now

🐾 You Might Also Like